Uterine Infection in Dogs: Causes and Treatment
Uterine inflammation is a serious condition that can affect female dogs. Often caused by a bacterial infection in the uterus, this condition can lead to severe consequences if left untreated.
If uterine inflammation is not detected early, it can be life-threatening for your dog. Therefore, it's important to be aware of the symptoms so that you can contact a veterinarian promptly.
Behavioral symptoms to watch out for
- Decreased appetite or refusal to eat
- Lethargy and fatigue
- Altered behavior
- Reluctance to engage in activities previously enjoyed
- Withdrawal
- Guarding of the body, avoidance of touch
- Panting
Physical signs of uterine inflammation
- Increased thirst and urination
- Elevated breathing rate and heart rate
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Changes in vulvar color
- Swollen vulva
- Vulvar discharge
- Fever
What to do if you suspect uterine inflammation
If you notice any of the above symptoms, take your dog to the veterinarian as soon as possible. It's crucial to treat the disease as early as possible to prevent it from spreading and causing serious complications. Do not wait; call your veterinarian and seek immediate attention. Read more about Could Your Dog Be in Pain? – Symptoms to Watch For.
How the veterinary examination works
The veterinarian will conduct a thorough examination to confirm or rule out the diagnosis. This typically includes:
First step: Physical examination
Assessing the dog's overall health and looking for signs of uterine inflammation, such as:
- Abdominal tenderness
- Fever
- Vulvar discharge
Blood tests: Detecting infection and inflammation
A blood test can show signs of infection and inflammation in the dog's body.
Ultrasound: Checking the uterus
Ultrasound is a common diagnostic tool to examine the uterus for any signs of fluid or pus accumulation, indicative of uterine inflammation
X-ray: limitations in diagnosis
X-rays can be used to evaluate the uterus, though it is not entirely reliable for diagnosing uterine inflammation.
Urine test: Check for urinary tract infection
A urine sample can be used to check for any urinary tract or bladder infections, which could be a contributing factor to uterine inflammation.
Treatment of uterine inflammation
If the disease is detected early, the treatment involves surgery to remove the uterus. If the condition has persisted for an extended period, there may be a risk of it spreading to other parts of the body. In such cases, a more aggressive treatment, including intravenous antibiotics and fluids, may be necessary.
What causes inflammation of the womb?
Uterine inflammation is typically caused by a bacterial infection that reaches the uterus through the vagina or cervix. There are several ways a dog can acquire bacteria in the uterus:
Risk of infection during childbirth
When a female dog gives birth, it may damage the cervix and provide an opportunity for bacteria to enter the uterus.
Risks of prolonged labour
If a dog experiences a prolonged labor or not all the fetuses are delivered, it can lead to infection.
Infection via sexual activity
Bacteria can enter the uterus through mating or insemination.
Impact of underlying health problems
Dogs with underlying health problems, such as diabetes or Cushing's syndrome, may have a higher risk of uterine inflammation.
The role of time in the severity of uterine inflammation
It's important to note that not all dogs exposed to uterine bacteria will develop uterine inflammation, but the longer the bacteria are allowed to persist, the greater the risk of infection.
Uterine inflammation is a serious disease that can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. By being aware of the symptoms and taking swift action, you can help your dog receive the proper treatment and avoid severe complications. Remember the list of symptoms!
Written by: Caroline Alupo
Caroline Alupo is Petli's co-founder. She has a master's degree in ethology and is also a trained dog trainer and dog psychologist. She has 19 years of experience as a professional dog trainer. Read more about Caroline here.
Fact-checked by: Sofia Nälgård
Sofia Nälgård is a licensed veterinarian with degrees from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and the University of Copenhagen. She runs Smådjursdepån in Växjö, where she offers professional and personalized care.
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